Ideas and Ideals

The author considers the development and implementation of the current public policy and gives its evaluation. The inclusion of the prospects of social innovations in these processes makes it possible to better and better adapt them to social needs, and also provides more reliable tools for their theoretical and methodological evaluation. In various areas of production and social management, interest in studying the processes of planning social innovation is growing. This is an important resource in solving many social problems, therefore, it is necessary to understand and give a detailed classification of the social innovations principles and characteristics in order to create a justified model, which is flexible in application for various areas of production and geographical areas. The mechanism for using this model assumes transparency for assessing its effectiveness by socio-political experts in each case.

The article proposes a systematization of parameters that must be taken into account when planning social work so that the processes of social innovation will arise and proceed in a guided direction. Using strategic modeling, the characteristics of the production process of social innovations are systematically revealed, its stages and the requirements of each of them are specified, so that it can serve as the basis for subsequent procedural instructions.

The author analyzes and criticizes long-term strategies and plans for the development of the Russian economy and increasing regional inequality in the light of the theory of public choice. The paper confirms and highlights the fact that according to this theory power and politics are tradable goods, which are rather profitable to trade.

The article analyzes the financial market as a driver of economic growth in Russia. The problem of accelerating growth is a key problem in the formation of sustainable development of the country. In scientific literature and in recommendations of representatives of business, state and municipal authorities discuss methods and measures to accelerate economic growth. They name one of the trends. It is the search for and justification of mechanisms, sources and tools to accelerate economic growth. The financial market is a recognized mechanism for attracting investment as a necessary condition for financing growth. In turn, the implementation of national projects, according to the presidential Decree No. 204 “On the National Goals and Strategic Objectives Development of the Russian Federation for the Period up to 2024” (07. 05. 2018), requires an analysis of their sources of funding, including not only budgetary financing but also financing through the financial instruments of the external capital market.

The article describes the national projects, their structure in terms of funding and identifies budgetary and extra-budgetary sources of funding. The authors define the place and role of extra-budgetary sources of financing, including the instruments of the external capital market. It is emphasized that the full use of financial market instruments is possible only if the regulatory and legal framework of market participants (issuers, investors, financial intermediaries, infrastructure, regulatory authorities) is created and the status of financial instruments is determined. The article shows the created normative-legal base as well as the directions of its improvement. One can find these directions in the documents of the Government and the Bank of Russia. In particular, it was investigated that the Bank of Russia chose the trajectory of the financial market formation aimed at increasing the importance in the competitiveness rating of the World Economic Forum, replacing the previous targets for the formation of international financial centers in Russia. In fact, the Bank of Russia replaced the idea of forming a financial center with the idea of forming a financial services industry. The authors of the article substantiate the point of view that a financial center can include both the financial services industry and perform other functions related to the concentration of financial market participants.

The authors consider the transformation of the role of scientific knowledge in society, the formation of a single scientific and educational space that led to an increase in the importance of science in the development of the states. Today, China is one of the most promising countries in the world, while the leading positions in key economic indicators are largely determined by the impressive scientific and technical potential of the People’s Republic of China. The article carries out a comparative study of the legal regulation of scientific activity, strategic documents in the field of science and education, approaches of state regulation of innovative activity of Russia and China. The choice of Russia and China as objects of study is due to the fact that, firstly, in both states, the continuity of the socialist experience in managing science and education is traced; secondly, the scientific and technical cooperation between Russia and China has long historical roots. In the course of the study, the authors analyzed the statistical data, including the percentage ratio of investment investments, the size of state budget expenditures to support the development of science and innovative technologies, rating indicators, etc.); identified the problems of financing the scientific industry and the implementation of the results of intellectual activity and they also highlighted the prospects for international cooperation of these states. The authors come to the conclusion that modern science faces global challenges aimed at ensuring national priorities through competent state regulation of international scientific and technical cooperation. Thus, the recognition of the importance of commercializing the results of intellectual activity and, as a consequence, the interest of state authorities in the international integration of science and business, encouraging the inclusion of scientific organizations in the production process, and attracting foreign investment in scientific activity seems significant. Thus, for the vitality of modern science, it is necessary to use the best practices of foreign countries in the management of scientific activities in order to obtain the necessary industrial and commercial effect from the use of innovative scientific technologies.