Idea and Ideals

The Internet allows a huge number of people, including those living abroad to feel like a single community. Internet-based technologies represent a new social capital of migrants that has not existed before. Obvious aspect of computer-mediated communication (CMC) is that it goes beyond time and space. Virtual communities have the potential not only to bind the individuals, but also to unite them, creating an emotional connection. Internet-based technologies increase quantitative and qualitative indicators of communication, supplementing already existing structure of interaction, acting sometimes as a factor initiating the subsequent interaction in reality. A research devoted to the process of communication among migrants (including CMC), deserves special attention, since migration is global in nature and has increasing rates. We can select 4 categories of using Internet-based technologies: search tools, e-mails, forums and chats. Using Internet-based technologies may vary depending on the stage of migration, which can be divided into three: pre-migrant, post-migrant and settled migrant. CMC is used by migrants to build new relationships, maintain existing and restore the lost ones. Internet-based technologies almost allow migrants to be in a different reality. Sometimes the frequency and activity of virtual contacts making them for the individual much more real than those that do not take place "online". Internet-based technologies are an important resource in the field of communication of individuals and provide them with plenty of opportunities previously unavailable. Reality mediated by the internet-based technologies transforms, slowly becomes a new previously non-existed reality.

Various factors affect the socio-economic and socio-political situation in society. It largely determines the change in the level of social tension. Increasing the level of social tension to a critical level leads to the formation of protest moods in the community, which, logically, increases the probability of the various protests, such as: gathering signatures, rallies, demonstrations, pickets, hunger strikes, and others. Protest potential can lead to aggressive actions of certain groups of the population. The article deals with the study of a model of protest moods, the empirical basis of which is the change in the level of protest activity in the city of Krasnoyarsk in the last 6 years. As have shown results studies, a significant impact on protest activity of the population have regional factors. Environmental and personal safety factors affect a large extent, which can lead to self-organization of the population and the large-scale protests. The article presents the confirmation of the hypothesis that if the social and political factors do not directly affect the personal safety of the population, despite the crisis phenomena in the society, the level of protest moods in the region could be stable and remain at a low level.

The author analyzes culture as a factor that facilitates a solution to the management problem in conditions of transforming Russian society. Management culture is considered as a part of the general social culture that has impact on the subjects of management interaction. It is demonstrated that the management culture should be focused on two main objectives: first, to identify the key personality traits of employees demanded by the innovative economy. Second, to identify the capabilities of management culture to form an employee that is competitive in new environment. The article analyzes the list of social qualities which an employee should possess in conditions of innovative economy. It considers contradictions between demands made by modern social-economic conditions and leader’s views about the complex of professional and personal qualities that are required to manage and control the structure of organization. The author examines such basic criteria of high management culture of modern employee as knowledge of scientific and organizational management bases, ability to make autonomous decisions and realize them in activity, ability to make effective use of scientific management tools, efficiency, and discipline. Based on the data of sociological research the author comes to a conclusion about non-compliance of the national management culture to the demands of innovative economy. The author substantiates a set of conditions that should be met for the optimization of social management.

The article discusses the "lingua-cultural type" - a fairly new concept used in research conducted at the intersection of cognitive linguistics and cultural linguistics. The study of this phenomenon makes it possible to approach the understanding of the national language picture of the world and all its components. In the article the author presents the lingua-cultural description of "a bohemian man" concept, which has a number of characteristics and distinctive features, taking into consideration the Russian world view. In order to get the most complete understanding of the lingua-cultural type of "a bohemian man" in the perceptions of Russian speakers, the author conducted the following experiment: she studied the perceptual and value characteristics of “a bohemian man” image from the point of view of people of different ages, education levels and occupations.

The paper aims to give an interpretation of the rejection of master-theory in the feminist epistemology within the contemporary pragmatism context. Within the feminist field, the rejection is guided by the fundamental “instability of the analytical categories of feminist theory”, which is itself the consequence of an attempt to copy the androcentric way to make feminist theory (S. Harding). The interpretation of the rejection within the contemporary pragmatism field gives a possibility to represent the “instability” not as the consequence of the relativization of the discourse within the feminist epistemology, but as the consequence of the pragmatic interpretation of the theory “as an instrument”, representing a complex social phenomenon.

The article is devoted to the problem of determination of the specifics of social and philosophical knowledge in comparison with sociology. Despite their genetic relationship and substantial similarity they have essential differences. For a philosopher the initial object of critical analysis is not a society itself, but the way of its description, while for a sociologist the main objective is to create a descriptive model of the social phenomena. The mentioned above distinctions don't cancel the possibility of effective synthesis of the approaches developed both within the frames of sociology, and social philosophy.

The article explains that the relevance of the topic is related to the need of developing youth entrepreneurship. Problems of development of entrepreneurship among young people are related to a number of reasons, including target settings, business motivation, support for authorities at all levels from the state to local governments, legal support, the attitude to entrepreneurship on the part of society, the attitude to the female and male entrepreneurship . Development of youth entrepreneurship can be analyzed from the perspective of endogenous and exogenous factors. Exogenous factors include government and legal support of business, the use of the financial system, the image of the entrepreneur in the mass consciousness. Endogenous factors include business-motivation and personal characteristics of young entrepreneurs. These factors have received empirical testing in the study of youth attitudes to business conducted on the total sample of Tomsk and Novosibirsk. Relevant for entrepreneurs is to obtain services from the state to realize their business project, as well as an information environment conducive to learning and sharing experiences in the field of entrepreneurship. The main problems of the youth of the Russian business are under-utilization of resources offered by the state, public attitudes towards entrepreneurs. Gender aspects are manifested in relation to the female and male entrepreneurship.

By the mid of 2014 the population of the globe reached 7,2 billion people, with nearly 6 billion living in the developing countries (83 % of the world population), 1,2 billion – in the developed countries (17% of the population of the Earth). If not to take into account the economic aspect, the “developed countries” group is the countries with mainly white, Caucasian population acknowledging Christianity. There is a global modern world trend, which attracts attention – the decrease in the share of the white population from 34 % in 1900 to 17 % in 2014. All changes occurring now are the result of the actions of the certain system laws. Distribution of population of people on a terrestrial surface depends on a set of factors, including the history of development of the specific territory. The population of Africa, mainly adherents of local traditional beliefs and Islam, grew more than 10 times for the last hundred years, and the population of Asia – almost 5 times.

В статье рассматриваются вопросы взаимосвязи социологии и статистики как отраслей научного знания. Обосновывается необходимость использования статистических методов в социологических исследованиях. Показывается, что массовые наблюдения, характерные для статистики, дают возможность измерять социальные явления методом обобщающих показателей. Статистика, выявляя типичные явления, «помогает» социологии увидеть на их фоне качественные образование и процессы. Результатом таких взаимодополняющих исследований выступает конструирование моделей социального развития, которые являются исходным звеном с точки зрения управления социальным объектом.

The territorial statistics as the system of collection of information about a condition of social and economic processes became an example of complex study of the situation in the agrarian sector of the Russian society of the second half of the 19th century. It was perceived as an illustration of additional opportunities of local governments in the post-reform period. Considerable volumes of the obtained statistical data served both as the basis for definition of territorial tax levies and the empirical base of notice able theoretical research. The programs of territorial observations included several methods of data collection. The sample budget survey of farm households became one of the directions of research in the district councils. Innovations of the territorial statistics also concerned the ways of tabular processing of obtained in formation. Programs of research, methods of data collection and ways of its processing make it possible to consider practice of territorial statistical descriptions as an important prerequisite of the development of empirical sociology and practice of sociological research in our country.